Sound-absorbing material for walls and ceilings.



COATING 0R PLASTIC. /7

W. c. SABINE L A. GUASTAVINO. /1 Z SGUND ABSORBING MATERIAL FOR WALLS AND CEiLINGS.

APPLICATION HLED Nov.8.1915.

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ww.; 905 CZ Ewzfwr 545m@ @4f-w51. G w76' 7J? fm/0, IN VEN TOR UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEICE WALLACE CLEMENT SABINE,J OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AND RAFAEL GUASTAIT/INO,

' 0F BAY SHORE, NEW YORK.

soUNn-Aiasomamel MATERIA-L Fon WALLS `AND oErLINGs.

-speeiacatitm of Letters Patenti Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

Application led November 8, 1915. Serial No. 60,225.

To allwhom t mag/concern.' Be it known that we, WALLACE CLEMENT SABINE, a citizen of the United lStates, residing in Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, and RAFAEL GUAsTAvINo, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bay Shore, in the county of Suffolk and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Sound-Absorbing Materials for Walls and mixed, they are lplaced in a suitable mold which openly penetrate the exposed finished face of the material. From the foregoing it will be apparent that the essential feature of the present invention is the use of material aded Vto a 65 Ceilings and in the Process for Making Such substantiall uniform size so v at ner Mama.

The object of our invention is to provide a structural material suitable for facing n'isi ar 41c e conci ion wou walls and ceilings in auditoriums and the ma eff s which are graded to the same 70 .25 the porous' blocks described in saidpatent have a tendency to warp when subjected to the heat necessary 'to fuse the flux, which when cooled, gives strength and solidarity to the finished material or tile, and the object of the present invention is to provide a material suitable for the purpose described, which will be easily and cheaply manufactured.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an exaggerated sectional view illustrating the primary embodiment of the invention,- and Fig. 2 is a sectional view illustrating that embodiment of the invention wherein separate layers of different grades are employed to provide a graded porosity.

Our process of manufacture is as follows:

lA given quantity of sand crushed stone brick` or similar matemom T51-'fieles of suitable size, are mingled with a sufficient quantity of binding material, as for instance, Portland cement, to secure the particles firm y o eac o ier at the points of Contact; we have found that three parts of sand which will just pass through a siemut twelve meshes to the inch, and

one part of Portland cement producesatisfactory resu or an cement is used, the requisite quantity of water must also be supplied to render the cement4 active. After these .materials have beenthoroughly size, but in the practical carrying forward of the invention the grading within two or three meshes of screens, so that all of the material is of a substantially, uniform size, is sufiicient for the purpose. In this connection the purposeeof the present invention is to obtain fine particles of sand or various other granular materials, such for instance, as pumice, which are so graded that when employed in mass with a relatively small quantity of cement will have onlylimited points of contact,leaving pores or interstices between, and at these points of contact, the cement will act as a binding agent without in anyway filling or obstructing free communication 'between the pores. This characteristic of the improved material is shown in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a greatly exaggerated .sectional view, showing one general size of granules throughout, and Fig. 2 is also an enlarged sectional view illustrating separate layers of different grades to provide a graded porosity.

In carrying forward this improved proc 95 ess, the new article resulting therefrom embodies, as hereinbefore indicated the distinguishing characteristic of the article covered vby our former Patent No. 1,119,543, namely, that of intercommunicating pores extending throughout the mass and openly penetrating the exposed finished surface.

The power of our product to absorb sounds of different pitches is dependent to a very large extent upon the dimensions of the pores between the particles of which it is composed, and-the dimensions of these pores are largely dependent upon the dimensions of the particles; in other words, material ompoSed Qf comparatively coarse particles is -better adapted for the absorption of pores in the rear increases the range in pitch.

over which our product is acoustically absorbed, and also increases ltstotal absorbing power.

A product of this type may be produced by partially filling a mold with sand of the desired size, mixed with cement and Water, allowing it to partially set, and then filling the mold with coarser sand, also mixed with cementand water. The material may also be made by forming the finer mixture into the desired shape and then forming the coarser mixture into the desired shape while in contact with the'finer mixture, without placing the material in -a mold.

Carefully7 conducted scientific tests have alsoshown that our finished product manufactured according to our process above described, will absorb much in excess of 15% of sounds lying in the pitch between the middle C and the third octave above middle C, which are the characteristic sounds which distinguish articulate speech.

In practice we have also found that material constructed as we have described is capable of sustaining a considerable crushing load and is, independent of the sound absorbent qualities, desirable masonry material, resistant to fire, and presents a pleasing appearance when in position on walls or ceilings.

Vedo not wish to limit ourselves to any particular materials7 as it is apparent that material other than'sand and Portland'cement, as, for instance, crushed rock, or crushed brick and lime or plaster of Paris, may be used without departing from the spirit of our invention.-

lVe claim: y

1. A sound-absorbent material for walls, floors, and ceilings. consisting of particles of body material graded to approximately uniform size and bonded to each other at their points of contact- 2. A sound absorbent material adapted to be secured to and-form the exposed finished face of Walls, floors and ceilings, consisting- 'of particles of body material graded to ap-V proximately uniform size and bonded to each other at their points of contact.

tween middle C and the third octave abovev middle 4. A sound-absorbent wall, floor or reil- .ing including a facing of sound-absorbent material consisting of particles of body material gradedto approximately uniform size and bonded to each other at their points of contact.

5. A sound-absorbent wall, floor or ceiling having, in combination, a supporting structure and attached thereto an exposed layer of sound-absorbent material consisting of particles of body material graded to approximately uniform size and bonded to each other at their points of contact.

(3. A sound-absorbent material for walls. floors and ceilings composed of particles of body material bonded to each other at limited points of contact, thereby providing pores expanding 'and contracting in crosssection, which intel-communicate and openly penetrate the exposed surface; the said body particles being graded to approximately uniform size so as to produce pores of such Variant proportional dimensions as to possess the property of absorbing in exce of fifrelatively line and coarse particles of material arranged in separate layers to provide a graded porosity.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New- York, this 6th day o f November, 1915.

WALLACE vCLEMENT SABINE. RAFAEL GUASTAVINO.

Witnesses:

Trios. E. BROWN, Jr., MARGARET A. Heen. 

